Bore-hole apparatus



Filed April 4, 1927 M. A CAPELIUSCHNICOFF BoRE HOLE APPARATUS Oct. 7, 1930.

ct. E930.

Filed April 4.

A. CAPELIUSCHNICFF BORE HOLE APPARATUS 192'7l 2 Sheets-Sheet E Y Patented Oct. 7, 1930 MATVEY ALCUNOVITCH CAPELIUSCHNICOFF, F BAKU, RUSSIA Bonn-HOLE APPARATUS Application filed April 4, 1927. Serial No. 180,988.

The invention relates to apparatus for sinking bore-holes for oil wells and like purposes and is of the type in which the stem of the cutting tool is connected to the shaft of an hydraulic motor enclosed in a special drilling enables the drill pipes to be extended in` 29 definitely without raising the cutting tool.

A further object is to provide means by which the latch may be quickly released when the drilling apparatus is to be raised, and also r. means by which the said drilling apparatus 2" with the cuttingtool and motor may be, at

any time, readily raised to the surface independently of the drill pipes.

A still further object is to make it possible to transmit the whole or part of the weight of the drill pipes through the drilling apparatus to the bit and thus to adjust the downward vertical pressure applied to thev cutting tool.

Other objects and improvements will be lexplained by means of the accompanying drawings which illustrate an example ofea rotary boring apparatus according to the in'- vention.

Fig. 1 is an elevation, mainlv in section, of the general arrangement; A

Fig. 2 shows on a larger scale the means for locking the drilling amparatusv to the drill pipe in order to impose the weight of the latter uponthe former:

Fig. 3 shows the means for releasing the drilling apparatus; f

Fig. k4 shows the means for locking the lower end of the drilling apparatus to the drillrpipes, and

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4. 1 is the bore-hole, 2 the drill pipes, and 3 the Lipper section of the drilling apparatus.

The drill pipes 2 are provided at their 55 upper end with a collar 4 which rests on an elevator 5 of known construction suspended by links 6 from a hook 7 to which is attached in the usual manner a cable adapted to be raised and lowered by a winding drum.

When sections are to be added to or removed from the drill pipes 2 or when the drilling apparatus is to be raised to the surface, the elevator 5is lowered on to the platform 8 or raised therefrom in known manner. 65

The drilling apparatus comprises an upper tubular section 3, a lower tubular section 3 detachably connected to the upper section 3 as by screw threads 15, and a hydraulic motor 40 in the lower section 3. rllhe hydraulic 70 motor 40 has a hollow driving shaft41 extending below the lower end of the lower section 3'-, and a rotary bit comprising blades 34 carried by a hollow tool spindle 35 secured to the-lower end of the driving shaft 41.

rPhe hydraulic motor 40 is of well-known turbine type operating the hollow driving shaft 41 by means of a double reduction epicyclic gear indicated in Figure l at 40a and 40". It may be, for example, of the char- 80 acter disclosed in my U. S. Patent No. 1,681,094 of August 14, 1928, and is actuated by slush water delivered to it through the upper end of the upper tubular section 3 and discharged through its hollow driving shaft 41 and the hollow tool spindle 35 of the rotarybit.

The external diameter of the tubular sections 3 and 3 of the drilling apparatus is slightly smaller than the internal diameter of the drill pipes 2 in order that said sections may freely slide withinA said drill pipes; and, to prevent the passage of slush water betweenthe drill pipes 2 and said sections of the drilling apparatus, portions of said sections are 95 of reduced external diame er forming shoulders against which packing 11 interposed between said reduced portions and the drill pipes 2 is compressed, as by means of glands screwed upon the sections 3 and?! against 100 said packing. ln Figure 2 one of such glands 13 is shown as screwed upon the upper end of the upper section 3. v

Slots 14are formed in the upper tubular section 3 adjacent the lowerend and parallel to the axis of said section and lugs 16 are secured within said section below said slots. rllhe upper ends of the lugs 16 are formed as eyes extending at right angles to the axis of 101 the section 3 ,and these' eyes carry pins 18 on which are pivoted two armed levers 19. The short arms 2O ofthe ,levers extend upwardly through said slots 14 and are adapted to engage i-n an annular recess 21 formed inthe pipes 2 under the pressure of spring steel strips 22 secured to the exterior of the upper section 3 of the drilling apparatus 3, the lower ends of saidv strips extending below the upper ends of the slots 14 and beino' bent inwards to bear on the upper inclined surfaces 23 of the arms 20. The long arms of the levers 19 extend upwardly within the tubular section 3.

ln 'order to lower the drilling apparatus into theworking position, a suitably shaped head 24, connected to the lower end of a short vertical rod 25, is adapted to engage under shoulders 26 formed on the inner sides of the hooked upper ends of the arms 19. The head 24 is secured to a cable 25a and, during the descent of the drilling ap aratus through the stationarydrill pipes 2, t e parts assume the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, the arms 2O sliding against the interior of the drill pipes 2. l

When, in lowering the drilling apparatus. into the'drill pipes 2, the short arms 20 of the levers 19 come opposite the annular recess 21 of the drill pipes, the ends of said arms are forced bythe` springs 22 into said recess, thus securing the drillin apparatusv against upward movement in t e drill pipes andimposing the weight of the drill pipes on the drillmg apparatus. v

In order toraise the drillin with its contents, an overshot 2 is lowered through the upper end ofthe drill pipes into" the upper end of the upper section 3 ofjthe drilling'apparatus to disengage the lever arms 2O from the recess 21 ofthe drill pipes. In

apparatus theexample illustrated, the upper end 28 of the overshot has a conical shape and is provided with external screw-threads engaging corresponding threads in a cap 30 which is secured to a cable 25". Thelower end of the\ overshot is tapered inwards at 31 to ride over the inclined Aends 32 of the longer arms of the levers 19 and has an internal shoulder 33 which is adapted to engage with shoulders 3 formed on vthe outer sides of the long arms ofthe levers 1 9 to rock the lever arms 2O inwands against the resistance .of the ends of the springs 22, as shown in Figure 3.

The blades 34 ofthe rotary bit'secured to the tool spindle 35 are pivoted in known manarrasar ner 'to the hollow tool spindle 35 and are forced into their working position under pressure of springs (not shown). When the drilling apparatus is to be raised by the cable 25b for the purpose of re-grinding the blades, the latter engage and are folded inwardly by contact with the inner tapered end 36 of the shoe of the drillpipes (Figs. and 4) and can l stationary drill pipes 2'. The upper ends of f the splines 37 and the lower ends of the splines 38 are pointed to facilitate their interengagement. v

The tool spindle 35 is hollow in order to convey the water which has been discharged from the hollow driving shaft 41 of the hydraulic motor 40 to the cutting blades 34.

The upper end of the tool spindle 35 forms a socket into which is screwed the of the motor.

. The arrangement just described enables the shaft 41 drilling apparatus to be readily drawn up at any time by the cable 25zt while leaving the drill pipes 2 in their given position. An internal shoulder 42 at the upper end of the annular recess 21 of the drill pipes 2 bears,

in the normal working position, on the upper ends of the lever arms 20, so that any required 'portionof the weight ofthe suspended drill pipes 2 can be transmitted through the casing of the `drilling apparatus to the bit 34, or,

conversely, the bit, under suitable working conditions, can be relieved of this weight and be pressed against th bottom of thef'bore hole merly by the weight of the drilling apparatus itse As soon as the arms 20 slip into the recess 21 in the drill pipes 2 as the drilling apparatus 'is lowered,l the slacknessof the cable 25al supporting the drilling apparatus shows that the latter has reached its working position. The weight transmitted to the cutting tool or bit 3.4 may be adjusted according. tothe conditions of the work. v

Various modifications may be made in the details shown l without departing from the scope of the invention.

I claim:

1. An-apparatus for drilling bore-holes.

lcomprising in 1combinationnon-rotating drill plpes, a shoe at the end of said drill-pipes and provided with a recess, a drilling apparatus comprising an inner casing and anhydraulic motor 1n sald lnner casing, lugs secured to seid inner casing, pins eerried loy seid lugs,

tvvo-ermed levers pivoted on seid pins7 one ill ` Willi @lie inner ernos oi seid levers and rocking erm of eeen lever being adopted to engage in seid recess end e springvseeured eo seid inner easing ier forcing seid errns into en gegeinene with seid recess.

2 in apparatus for drilling boreholes9 comprising in combination non-rotating drill pipesv e shoe et ine end of said drill pipes, and proded Willi recess, edrilling eppereius comprising en iiydreulio motor in seid drill pipes, e einen f ed lever pivoied so seid eri ing epperelns end oi which elle outer erm is edepced lo engege in seid recess, e cable end en oversliol edepled lso loe lowered by eeble in'o drill pipes and in. iis desceni engeginp; willi. eine inner erm olf seid lever so roelr seid lever zo disengege 'elle our/er erin seid lever lroni elle recess. e

2li An epperelus for drilling leere-holes, eornggrisingr in combination non-rotating di il pipes, e slooe y'llore end oi seid drill pipes end provided vvi n e recess, e drilling epperellus seid drill pipes, yseid drilling eppereeus eonii'lrising e easing and en hydraulic .motor in seid cesingj ivre-armed levers pivotarly se cured seid easing, lie outer irnos oi seid levers being edepled losengege in seid reoess5 e celole end overshot lowered by seid celile inlo seid easing end in its descenli engegive seid levers lo disengege elle outer arms of seid levers irorn seid recess, seid overslioia and '1i-lie inner arms ol seid levers having inizerengeging shoulders vvliereloy the drilling epperolgus may lue raised independently of the drill pipes. d.. An apparatus for drilling bore holes9 comprising non-rotating drill pipes ineluding e shoe leaving en internal'recess; e drilling eppereins inserteble into and removable from said drill pipes through the upper end of the letter, seid drilling epparatus'including en inner casing having e plurality oi longitudine-l slots and e motor mounted with in seid easing below said slots; two erm levers ulerurned in said easing, one opposie eeeli of seid slots, seid levers having Jelieir inner ends extending upwardly end their outer ends `projecting through seid 'sloisg ineens tending lo roeli said levers to move their outer ends outwardly end their inner erins evvey from one another; end esupporiing rod, said supporting rod end elle inner arms oi seid levers having complementel interengegeelole means held in inner-engagement during the deseen?J of elle drilling eppereizus into seid drill pipes loy engagement oi' elle well. of elle drill pipe with the outer ends of seid levers end releeselile by eine eniry of; lille oufr arms o said levers into lire reeess o elle shoe of elle* drill pipes.

` 5. An eppereins for drilling: bore liol eording to eleini l vvlierein 2elle inter ing meens loe-meen llne supporiing rod en ille er arms oli elle levers comprises s'oo l riliery o seid iulniler ce ey of bellfcremr i .lcriim seid eosin g, eeeli oiCa said levers having one off iis s eniending into one o ser l sio'ie; ineens r' eli seid levers end nrojee; seid 1 slee.u

us is lowered into or Seid, siioe lmlovv die when seid ne I 

